Hey there, friends!
Have you ever heard of TCP and UDP? These two types of protocols are used in network communication and they have some unique differences between them. Today, we are going to focus on TCP and learn about its three-way handshake process.
What is TCP?
TCP or Transmission Control Protocol is a connection-oriented protocol that provides reliability and guarantees that data will be delivered in the correct order. It establishes a two-way communication between hosts and ensures that the data being sent is received correctly without any error. TCP is widely used in applications like web browsing, email, and file transfer.
Three-Way Handshake
The three-way handshake is the process used by TCP to establish a connection between two hosts. It is a three-step process in which the two hosts exchange packets with each other to negotiate and agree upon the initial sequence numbers and confirm that data can be sent between them.
Step 1: SYN
The first step is called SYN or Synchronize. In this step, the client sends a packet with the SYN flag set to the server. This packet contains a sequence number that the client chooses randomly. This is the client's way of saying "Hey, I want to establish a connection with you."
Step 2: SYN-ACK
The second step is called SYN-ACK or Synchronize-Acknowledge. In this step, the server responds with a packet that contains both the SYN and ACK flags set. This packet also has a sequence number chosen randomly by the server and an acknowledgement number equal to the client's sequence number plus one. This is the server's way of saying "Hey, I received your request and I am willing to establish a connection."
Step 3: ACK
The third and final step is called ACK or Acknowledge. In this step, the client sends a packet to the server with the ACK flag set. This packet also contains the client's sequence number plus one and the server's acknowledgement number plus one. This is the client's way of saying "Hey, everything looks good, we can start sending data now."
Once all three steps are completed, the connection between the two hosts is established and they can start sending data.
Conclusion
TCP and its three-way handshake process are essential in establishing a reliable connection between hosts. It ensures that data is transmitted correctly, and any errors are corrected. Knowing how TCP works is crucial in networking, and it is something that every network engineer should understand.
That's all for today, folks! Thanks for reading, and I hope you learned something new today.
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